Deep Dive: Creating functional, safe, and inclusive changing rooms

The changing room is a central space in sports—one that brings joy and a sense of community for many but anxiety and discomfort for others. Today, physical activity levels are lower than ever, and to reverse this trend, we need to rethink the spaces where the first encounter with a sport or activity often takes place—the changing room.

– In most cases, the design focus of sports facilities has been entirely on the main activity area—the football pitch for football, the hiking trail for walking, the gym equipment for strength training. Supporting functions around these spaces are often overlooked or given less attention. This report highlights the crucial role of these supporting environments, such as changing rooms, and how they influence the experience and sense of security for those using the facility, says Daniel Glimvert, operations coordinator at the Swedish Research Council for Sports Science.

In many facilities, changing rooms are used far less than originally intended. When school environments are assessed from a safety perspective, changing rooms often rank among the least secure spaces. Several recurring questions arise—how do gender, religion, culture, body ideals, and nudity influence the experience and willingness to change in these spaces?

– It is clear that both the desire and, in some cases, the need to change clothes have decreased in recent years. The traditional solutions found in many changing rooms are based on norms that fail to accommodate individual identities and needs, leaving many feeling unwelcome. Society has evolved, but the design of changing rooms has not, says Niklas Singstedt, architect at White Arkitekter and author of the report.

There are also economic considerations. Changing rooms are expensive to build due to the necessary installations, waterproofing, and durable surface materials required to withstand heavy use—funding that often goes into spaces that, in many cases, remain largely empty. Additionally, many changing rooms are built with minimal attention to design and user experience.

– Design plays a crucial role in shaping both the experience of the space and the situation. It also influences the atmosphere and culture. There are many examples of how a well-thought-out and carefully maintained environment makes visitors feel acknowledged, which in turn leads to greater respect for the space—resulting in less vandalism and disorder, says Niklas Singstedt.

The report highlights various aspects of changing room design, starting at the entrance. Clarity, choice, and safety should be guiding principles in the design of entryways. What users see and experience on their way to the changing room shapes their perception of the entire situation. A clear layout and well-placed signage reduce misunderstandings and uncertainty, enhancing the sense of security. It should also be possible to choose a changing space without feeling singled out or conspicuous, ensuring that more people feel comfortable using the facility.

The report presents strong arguments and successful examples of non-gendered changing rooms as a way to ensure that no one feels out of place. This approach is already being implemented in Sweden, where the actual act of changing takes place in private cubicles, with or without showers. The benefits are numerous: teachers or coaches can accompany their group or class into the changing area regardless of gender, and individuals who require assistance can receive support without logistical challenges. Private cubicles also offer a safer and more comfortable experience for those who feel uncomfortable undressing in front of others, regardless of gender.

Changing rooms can be more than just functional spaces—they can also serve as social environments. There should be room for interaction for those who want it, as this fosters a sense of belonging and encourages users to take care of the space. Training sessions or classes can start (or conclude) in the changing room itself, and the moments before and after an activity should not be overlooked. Thoughtful design can make these interactions possible. In many sports, pre- and post-activity discussions are integral to the experience. It is also about ensuring space for relevant practical needs.

Showering afterwards remains a given for some but not for all—and it does not necessarily have to happen in a communal setting. Instead, the report advocates for the inclusion of private shower cubicles, along with simpler washing options such as sinks for freshening up after lighter activity.

White Arkitekter and Niklas Singstedt are now implementing the insights from the research report into real-world projects across Sweden. Many of the recommendations are easy to implement, while others require a shift in mindset among decision-makers.

Above all, the idea of non-gendered changing rooms demands a degree of courage to implement, despite the many advantages, according to Niklas. A gradual approach is possible—introducing cubicles in some changing rooms without gender coding. This is the approach being taken in the new sports hall adjacent to Maserhallen in Borlänge, a project that White Arkitekter is finalising as it nears construction. The design will serve as a test case, with the potential to inform future new builds and renovations.